Domain Name System (DNS): The Backbone of the Internet The Domain Name System (DNS) is a fundamental component of the Internets infrastructure, responsible for translating human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses that computers can understand. DNS servers, which store and facilitate the retrieval of these domain-to-IP mappings, play a crucial role in ensuring the smooth functioning of online communication. I. Introduction to DNS The DNS is a distributed database system that functions as a phonebook for the Internet. It maintains a directory of domain names and their corresponding IP addresses. When a user types a domain name into a web browser, such as www.example.com, the DNS sy